Internal Medicine:

An IPD is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating acute illnesses and conditions, including infections, injuries, and diseases of the digestive system. Imaging studies treat and manage a variety of chronic physical conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, hypothyroidism, heart disease, and depression.

They are individuals who specialize in all of the body's internal organs and systems, and their clinical knowledge and experience are in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of adults. They also have the skills to manage chronic illnesses and care for patients with more than one condition. Therefore, you can see an internist for the diagnosis and treatment of many conditions, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and chronic lung disease. Internists treat and manage a wide range of conditions

Types of Internal Diseases:

Diabetes:

Diabetes is a disease that has no cure, but can be managed with the help of medications and lifestyle changes. People with diabetes have high blood glucose or blood sugar levels. A hormone called insulin is responsible for processing glucose to provide energy to cells. When the body does not produce enough insulin to use it, sugar remains in the blood. In people with diabetes, insulin has this problem and if left uncontrolled, it can cause kidney damage, blindness, heart disease or stroke. Symptoms such as frequent urination, extreme thirst and hunger, unusual weight loss, blurred vision, frequent infections and numbness in the hands and feet can be signs of diabetes and you should see your doctor if you have these symptoms.

High blood pressure

High blood pressure is a condition that can lead to heart disease, stroke, or other health problems. Sometimes it develops gradually, and sometimes it can be caused by underlying conditions such as kidney problems, tumors, or medications. If you are overweight or smoke or drink a lot, you should have your blood pressure checked regularly.

Symptoms such as dizziness, headaches, frequent nosebleeds, and nausea are signs of high blood pressure. If you don't see a doctor to treat and manage your blood pressure, you may develop problems such as heart failure, heart attack, stroke, vision loss, memory problems, or kidney failure.

High cholesterol:

Cholesterol is needed to build cells in the body. But when it gets too high, it can cause problems in the body. High cholesterol causes fatty deposits to build up in the blood vessels. These deposits can block blood flow to the heart and brain, leading to a heart attack or stroke. Factors such as smoking, lack of exercise, an unhealthy diet, high blood pressure, diabetes, and a family history of heart disease increase the risk of high cholesterol. 

Thyroid Disorders:

 The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped organ in the front of the neck. The hormones produced by the thyroid help control the body's vital functions. There are different types of thyroid diseases, each of which affects the function and structure of the thyroid. When the thyroid is not working properly, many problems occur in the body. When thyroid hormone production increases, a person has hyperthyroidism, and when hormone production decreases, a person has hypothyroidism. Excessive secretion of thyroid hormone causes high energy expenditure, fatigue, increased heart,rate, weight loss, and nerve problems. Hypothyroidism also causes fatigue, weight gain, and intolerance to cold. Various conditions can disrupt thyroid hormone production. If you have symptoms related to these two disorders, you should immediately see an internal medicine specialist so that the desired medications can be prescribed. 

Digestive problems:

Many digestive diseases have similar symptoms and you should see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. Diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux, gallstones, celiac disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and hemorrhoids are some of the digestive problems that are more common than other diseases. If you suspect any of these diseases, you should see an internal medicine doctor for a thorough examination.

Gastroesophageal reflux:

This condition occurs when stomach acid enters the esophagus. In this condition, you will feel a burning sensation in the chest. Gastroesophageal reflux often worsens after meals or at night. Many people may experience this problem occasionally. But when gastroesophageal reflux occurs at least twice a week, it is a sign of a chronic digestive disease. If you have experienced heartburn, bad breath, tooth erosion, nausea, and chest or upper abdominal pain along with gastroesophageal reflux, you should see a doctor.

Liver Problems:

 The liver is the largest organ in the body and helps digest food, store energy, and remove toxins. There are various diseases related to the liver, each with its own symptoms. But in most of these diseases, swelling of the abdomen and legs, bruising, discoloration of stool, urine, and yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes occur. To diagnose liver diseases, the internist prescribes various tests such as imaging tests and liver function tests (blood tests). 

Asthma:

Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the lungs. In this disease, the airways become inflamed and narrow, making it difficult to breathe. When the airways become stiff, inflamed, and filled with mucus, the muscles around the lungs tighten, making it difficult to breathe. A person in this condition experiences symptoms such as coughing (especially at night and in the morning), wheezing, shortness of breath, tightness, pain and pressure in the chest, and sleep disturbances due to difficulty breathing.

Tuberculosis:

Tuberculosis is a contagious infection that affects the lungs. It can also attack other parts of the body, such as the brain and spine. Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Today, tuberculosis can be treated with a variety of antibiotics. However, the duration of treatment is long and the doctor may prescribe medication for up to 9 months.

If you experience symptoms such as a cough that lasts for more than 3 weeks, chest pain, coughing up blood, feeling tired, night sweats, fever and chills, loss of appetite, and weight loss, you should definitely see an internal medicine doctor to get tested for tuberculosis.

Pneumonia:

Pneumonia is a type of lung infection that can range from mild to severe. The infection causes the air sacs to fill with fluid and pus. Anyone can get this infection. But children under 2 years old and people over 65 are most at risk. Pneumonia can affect one or both lungs. Bacteria, viruses, and fungi can cause this disease. If pneumonia is caused by bacteria or viruses, it can spread to other people. People who get pneumonia usually experience symptoms such as chest pain when breathing, cough with phlegm, fatigue and loss of appetite, fever, sweating and chills, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and shortness of breath.

Chronic bronchitis:

When there is a harmful factor in the lungs, the lungs try to remove these factors by coughing. But when the cough does not go away for a long time, it may be a serious problem. There are air tubes in the lungs called bronchi that can become irritated and inflamed.

In this condition, a person may have a persistent cough for at least 3  months of the year. Chronic bronchitis keeps coming back and does not go away completely.